Each year, roughly 200,000 morbidly obese Americans go under the knife
for weight loss surgery. Most all doctors perform this surgery to save
lives and it seems to be working for many. According to the
American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery,
after weight loss surgery, patients lose up to 60 percent of their
former weight and up to 77 percent just a year later. They state that
these surgeries are "preventing and improving diseases which include
heart disease, cancers, and Type II diabetes."
On the surface
these surgeries appear to work, but a new study points out that there's
more to the story, that the weight loss surgery itself isn't the reason
why patients are losing weight and keeping it off. A new study links the
success of weight loss after surgery to significant bacteria changes in
the gut.
Gastric bypass surgeries succeed because of changes in gut bacteria
The
most common bariatric surgery, the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, makes the
stomach smaller by rearranging the digestive tract to prevent excess
absorption of calories. Sounds simple and effective, but there may be
more to it. Researchers from the
Massachusetts General Hospital and
Harvard University
found out that, during the operation, significant changes in gut
bacteria occur. In successful weight loss surgeries, beneficial
"slimming" bacteria override the bad, bringing about a new friendly gut
flora that encourages better utilization of calories and nutrients.
Changes in gut bacteria may be the weight loss secret
In
a detailed experiment with mice, the researchers wanted to find out why
gastric bypass surgeries were effective. They wanted to find out if
these surgeries were even necessary for weight loss, or if gut bacteria
is the answer. Here's what they found:
After performing the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
surgery on one group of mice, the rodents lost and kept off 29 percent
of their previous weight. The researchers then transferred this new gut
flora to another group of obese mice that hadn't undergone surgery. This
group of mice lost weight and fat without the surgery, leading the
researchers to believe that gut bacteria is a secret weight loss tool.
Furthermore,
the scientists performed "sham" gastric bypass surgeries on another
group of mice. They made incisions in the mice, but ultimately stapled
their intestinal tract back to its normal state. These mice lost no
weight and had no changes in gut bacteria. The researchers transferred
their gut flora
to another group of obese mice. These mice lost no weight either. This
further explained that significant changes in gut bacteria are the
reason why weight loss surgeries are successful.
Author of the
study, Dr. Lee Kaplan, said, "The effects of gastric bypass are not just
anatomical, as we thought. They're also physiological. Now we need to
learn more about how the microbiota exert their effects."
Skipping gastric bypass and opting for changes in gut bacteria instead
By
narrowing in on gut bacteria composition, further studies showed that
the "slimming" bacteria helped raise the body's metabolism, helping
patients burn calories faster. The "slimming" bacteria were also found to extract fewer calories from food, whereas fattening bacteria extract as much as possible.
By
changing a patient's diet to encourage better "slimming" gut flora,
doctors can help patients skip past the pricey and risky gastric bypass
surgery to encourage weight
loss the physiological way, not the anatomical way. By transferring
"slimming" bacteria into obese people, doctors could assist the weight
loss process without performing extensive surgery.
Breathing tests can indicate the presence of fattening gut flora
A recent study published in the
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,
reports that breath tests can help indicate who is harboring fattening
gut bacteria and who isn't. Breath that tests for high concentrations of
both hydrogen and methane gas is most likely breath of someone who has a
higher body mass index. This hydrogen and methane breath is associated
with the bacterial strain
Methanobrevibacter smithii, which is a fattening bacterium that extracts as many calories from food as possible.
By
testing breath and gut bacteria, doctors can help obese patients change
their lifestyle to build better "slimming" gut flora. This will promote
a better metabolism and help create a natural weight loss environment.
The gastric bypass surgery welcomes "slimming" gut bacteria, but this risky procedure can be
bypassed altogether, as doctors and patients learn how to modify gut bacteria instead of gut anatomy.
Source: naturalnews.com